CSRD, CSDDD, CBAM, AI Act — integrated into the material model, not parallel to it
OCO is the first materials ontology that draws eleven EU regulatory modules structurally into the four-layer architecture — via a dedicated audience axis. Compliance-side consumers load only this audience branch without pulling the materials-physics depth. Material-side consumers ignore it conversely, without the compliance data going missing anywhere.
What you get
- One ontology, eleven EU anchors: CSRD/ESRS, LCA (EN 15804+A2), CSDDD, CBAM, R2R, AI Act, PPWR, SSbD, Manufacturing-X, recycling, regulated substances — each module with an explicit regulatory anchor, not “inspired by”.
- Bridges to the reporting tools you already use: EFRAG XBRL Taxonomy 2024-12-17, ecoinvent, BONSAI, UNGP, ILO Core Labour Standards, CRMA Annex I+II — over 829 explicit mappings across 40 sections.
- Audience axis as an architectural principle: the compliance view is not an annex but a dedicated orthogonal axis — every regulatory class carries L1/L2/L3 structure internally, independent of material.
- Reified-constraint pattern for reporting facts: LCA results, ESRS disclosure anchors, CSDDD tier annotations are SPARQL-queryable knowledge anchors — auditable, documentable, versionable.
The eleven compliance modules at a glance
As of v0.94 — eleven EU-specific compliance modules plus four dual-audience modules (format, ODRL, time-event, automation) shared between material and compliance views. The DPP column flags modules that contribute to the Digital Product Passport concept (see DPP / Manufacturing-X / Catena-X).
| Module | DPP | EU regulatory anchor / role |
|---|---|---|
| oco-lca | ● | Life Cycle Assessment per ISO 14040 / 14044 / 14067, EN 15804+A2, EU PEF 2021/2279; bridges to ecoinvent and BONSAI. Material-DPP profiles attach here. |
| oco-csrd | Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive — ESRS standards, double-materiality, reporting containers; EFRAG-XBRL bridge. | |
| oco-mfgx | ● | Manufacturing-X integration — AAS IEC 63278, Catena-X BPN identifiers, IPCC AR climate factors, sector-DPPs (Battery, CPR-Construction, Generic-ESPR). |
| oco-csddd | Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive — six-stage diligence process, supplier tiers; UNGP and ILO bridges. | |
| oco-ppwr | Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation — packaging function disjointness, sub-classes per use case. | |
| oco-regulation | Cross-cutting regulated-substance vocabulary (recycling-inhibitor list, REACH-style anchors). | |
| oco-cbam | Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism — covered material categories: iron/steel, cement, electricity, aluminium, fertilisers, hydrogen. | |
| oco-r2r | Right-to-Repair Directive — covered product categories: smartphone, tablet, large appliance, small appliance. | |
| oco-aiact | EU AI Act — risk tiers, conformity-assessment anchors. | |
| oco-recycling | Recycling routes and recyclate streams. | |
| oco-ssbd | Safe-and-Sustainable-by-Design framework (Commission Recommendation 2022/2510), skeleton. | |
| oco-format | Industrial data-format vocabulary spanning ELN, simulation, LCA, Manufacturing-X and document formats — referenced by many compliance modules and the material pipelines. | |
| oco-odrl | W3C ODRL 2.2 usage-policy vocabulary and W3C Verifiable Credentials — the trust and policy layer that compliance reporting and value-chain exchange rest on. | |
| oco-time-event | W3C Time-aligned temporal extents, instants, and events — required by reporting periods (CSRD/ESRS), validity windows, and audit-trail provenance. | |
| oco-automation | SiLA 2.0 laboratory-automation standard — shared between material instrumentation provenance and compliance traceability. |
How the architecture solves the EU regulatory wave problem
The EU regulatory wave of the next five years — CSRD, CSDDD, ESPR, CBAM, AI Act, R2R, PPWR — requires material data to be combined with manufacturing, supply-chain and sustainability data. A materials ontology that addresses only horizontal fragmentation (one per material class) without this vertical layer is incomplete for any consumer operating under contemporary EU regulation.
OCO solves this problem with the same architectural primitive — modular layering on an orthogonal axis — that also solves horizontal material fragmentation. The audience axis carries the compliance vocabulary without restructuring the material core or the agnostic laboratory-notebook layer (L1). Consumers select module profiles by audience marker; a Manufacturing-X pipeline loads both views, a materials physicist ignores the compliance view entirely.
Example competency questions
Six of the 163 published CQs that are particularly relevant for compliance consumers. Tag column = OCO module that answers the question.
Which LCA phase does this ABox position cover, and under which EN-15804+A2 module classification?
oco-lca · executable SPARQLDoes the material meet the ESRS-E1 climate disclosure obligations under double-materiality?
oco-csrd · oco-lcaWhich sub-tier suppliers fall under CSDDD diligence for this product?
oco-csddd · oco-supplierWhat CBAM value is to be declared per kg of this material?
oco-cbam · oco-lca · executable SPARQLWhich AI-Act risk tier applies to this AI-assisted materials-modelling use case?
oco-aiactWhich PPWR packaging function does this component fulfil, and what recyclate share is required?
oco-ppwr · oco-recyclingRelation to the OCO distribution
All eleven compliance modules sit in the proprietary tier of the OCO distribution — fully, including L1 skeleton and implementation detail. Available in the bundle “OCO Full Stack — with Reasoning (+L3)” or as a standalone compliance profile on request. Licensing: individual, by use case. → Distribution & licence architecture